Hydraulic cylinders are an essential part of an excavator that helps to power its movement. In this article, we will explore the mechanisms and principles of excavator hydraulic cylinder and discuss their benefits and challenges. We will provide an overview of what hydraulic cylinders are and the role they play in excavator machinery. We will then discuss the various components of a hydraulic cylinder and how each works together to create the power needed for excavators. Finally, we will look at the benefits and challenges of using excavator hydraulic cylinders.
Introduce About Hydraulic Fluid
Energy needs a medium to transmit, and in the hydraulic system, this medium is hydraulic fluid. Like the blood in human’s body, the movement of hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic system is crucial to every action. In construction equipment, the main component of most hydraulic oil is mineral oil. Its design introduces an important aspect of its effectiveness – avoiding compaction.
When it comes to applying force, avoiding compaction means that the force you apply will be closer to the force you release. Although it is sometimes desirable to increase the compactness (think of your rubber hammer and steel sledge hammer), the strength of heavy construction equipment is usually given priority.
In addition to transmitting energy, hydraulic oil must also act as a lubricant for parts to help dissipate heat and transfer pollutants to the filter.
How To Maintain Excavator Hydraulic Cylinders
- Check the seals: Over time, the seals on the hydraulic cylinders can become worn or damaged. This can cause the cylinder to leak oil and can lead to further damage to the excavator. It is important to regularly inspect the seals and replace any damaged ones as soon as possible.
- Change the oil: It is important to regularly change the oil in the hydraulic cylinders. This prevents the oil from becoming contaminated with dirt and other particles, which can cause the cylinders to wear out more quickly.
- Clean the cylinders: Regularly clean the cylinders with a soft cloth to remove any dirt and debris that may be clogging the cylinders. This will help keep the cylinders working properly and prevent them from becoming damaged.
- Lubricate the cylinders: Make sure to lubricate the cylinders on a regular basis to prevent them from becoming dry and cracked. This will help extend the life of the cylinders and keep them functioning properly.
- Inspect the hoses: Make sure to regularly inspect the hoses for any signs of wear or damage. This can prevent leaks and help ensure that the excavator is running properly.
Avoid Side Loading Hydraulic Cylinder
The term “side loading” applies when the cylinder rod is pushed from the side. Side loading may occur on either side, top or bottom of the cylinder. The effect of side loading is that the rod will be pushed in a certain direction, forcing it to align incorrectly with the cylinder housing.
When the cylinder is subjected to excessive pressure from the side, the misalignment of the rod may lead to increased seal wear, warping or planing of the cylinder rod, and even bending of the rod. Over time, in extreme cases, the effect of lateral load may lead to cylinder failure.
When the cylinder is fully extended, and when the weight or force applied on the side of the cylinder is the largest, the lateral load in the cylinder has the greatest impact. In order to avoid the negative impact of side load on the cylinder, the knowledgeable machine operator should formulate an action plan according to the cylinder status, minimize the time when the cylinder bears heavy side load, and reduce the possible amplification of side load, such as when the machine is moving.